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(off-list) BAI as selbri tcita
I have started working through all BAIs using them as selbri tcita.
I have tried to invent reasonable examples of their use in the simplest
of bridi. The English translations are not intended to be exact as it
is often rather difficult to convey the precise modal meaning in a
reasonably simple way. They are presently more like the keywords in the
gismu list. There are some suggestions for idiomatic usage (ko'a sebau
tavla = he speaks the language i.e. in the language of someone). In many
cases the converted forms allow a rather precise differentiation of meaning
as compared to English. Sometimes the translations - perhaps mistakenly -
suggest a meaning akin to a sumti tcita of the form {BAI zo'e} or {BAI da}.
I don't think this is a very grave mistake although I'm mainly trying to use
it as a kind of crutch to aid in getting at the essence - a modal shift in
the meaning of the basic bridi, a shift mostly not available in English or
Finnish.
Having worked through the set I think this type of selbri tcita forms an
important and often extremely powerful expressional device. It takes a bit
getting used to as most BAI don't translate very readily - one must in a way
learn to sense the shift, to grok it in Lojban instead of trying to translate
to some other tongue. I think a modal shift is both subtler and better defined
than the related tanru as both components retain their meanings.
I'm still working both on the examples and the 'translations', so I'm not yet
posting this to the list.
Veijo
----
ko'a ba'i cliva (he leaves) being replaced [by someone]
ko'a seba'i cliva (he leaves) instead [of someone]
ko'a teba'i zifre (he is free) [to the extent of being]
replacable [under some circumstances]
ko'a bai klama (he comes) compelled / under compulsion
ko'a sebai tavla (he speaks) compellingly
ko'a bau bacru (he utters something) in a language
ko'a sebau tavla (he speaks) [in] the language
ko'a tebau kakne (he is capable) linguistically [/of
linguistic expression]
le notci be'i zvati (the message is present) sent [by someone]
ko'a sebe'i litru (he travels) transferring [something]
ti tebe'i notci (this is a message) going sent [to somewhere]
di'e vebe'i se tirna (the following is heard) coming sent [from
somewhere]
di'e xebe'i se djuno (the following is known about) coming sent
[via some medium]
ko'a ca'i cliva (he leaves) authorized [by someone]
ko'a seca'i minde (he commands) with authority [over something]
ko'a teca'i minde (he commands) with authority [based on something]
ti cau sarcu (this is necessary) being lacked [by someone]
ko'a secau jmive (he lives) in lack
ti ci'e sarcu (this is necessary) systemwise
ti seci'e jendu (this is an axle) with systemic function
ti teci'e lenjo (this is a lense) complex of some system components
di'e ci'o vajni (the following is important) emotionally [felt
by someone]
ko'a seci'o tavla (he speaks) emoting
ko'a teci'o tavla (he speaks) having emotion about something
ti ci'u bancu (this is beyond something) scalarly
ko'a seci'u cadzu (he walks) [on scale] measuringly
di'e cu'u se tirna (the following is heard) as said [by someone]
ti secu'u pixra (this is a picture) in an expressive way
ti tecu'u lisri (this is a story) as told to someone
mi di'e vecu'u djuno (I know the following) expressed in [some] medium
di'e de'i se ciska (the following is written) dated / with a date
ko sede'i klama (he comes) on the same date
mi di'o zgana (I observe) at the locus [of something]
ko'a sedi'o gunka (he works) at the point [/some specific locus]
ko'a tedi'o zvati (he is present) within [some] range
mi du'i citka (I eat) equally much
ti sedu'i nandu (this is) equally (difficult)
ti tedu'i se cuxna (this is chosen) as an equal [in some property]
ti du'o ckape (this is) known (to be dangerous)
ko'a sedu'o zukte (he acts) knowingly [/knowing some facts]
ko'a tedu'o tavla (he speaks) knowingly [/knowing about something]
di'e vedu'o jicmu (the following is) an epistemological (basis)
ko'a fa'e cliva (he leaves) on the contrary
ko'a sefa'e tugni (he agrees) in reversal [of something]
ko'a fau sanga (he sings) at the occasion
ti fi'e melbi (this is beautiful) being created [by someone]
ko'a sefi'e ciska (he writes) creatively
ti tefi'e lisri (this is a story) created for someone
ti ga'a glare (this is hot) observervably [by someone]
ko'a sega'a catlu (he looks) observingly
ti tega'a porpi (this is broken) observably [by some means]
ko'a vega'a badri (he is sad) observably [under some conditions]
ti gau porpi (this is broken) by some active agent
ko'a segau catke (he pushes) actively [in doing something]
ko'a ja'e minde (he commands) with [some] result
ko'a seja'e fraxu (he forgives) as a result [of something]
le vorme ja'i ganlo (the door is closed) due to some rule
mi di'e seja'i cusku (I write the followng) prescribingly [something
by rule]
mi teja'i zifre (I am free) by rule in something
mi ji'e kakne (I am able) up to [some] limit
seji'e banzu (enough!) as a limit of something
ti teji'e glare (this is hot) limitedly
ko'a ji'o kelci (he plays) under direction [of someone]
ko'a seji'o zukte (he acts) controllingly
ko'a teji'o zvati (he acts) in a controlled way [in something]
di'e ji'u jetnu (the following is) fundamentally (true) [/based
on something]
di'e seji'u cusku (the following expresses something) in support
tu ka'a te djuno (Something is known about that over there) being
gone to [by someone]
ko'a seka'a cadzu (he walks) with some destination
ti teka'a bloti (that is a boat) come from some origin
ko'a veka'a virnu (he is brave) having come via some route
ko'a xeka'a virnu (he is brave) having come by some transport mode
ko'a ka'i tugni (he agrees) represented [by someone] / by proxy
ko'a seka'i zvati (he is present) on behalf [of someone]
ti teka'i jecta (this is a polity) represented [in something]
ti kai blanu (this is blue) characterizing something
ti sekai blanu (this is blue) characteristically
ko'a ki'i te djuno (something is known about him) as a relation
ti seki'i finpe (this is a) related (fish)
ko'a teki'i vitke (he is a guest) with some relation
ko'a ki'u fengu (he is angry) with reason
di'e seki'u banzu (the following suffices) as reason [for
something]
ti koi cmalu (this is small) bounded by something
ti sekoi se zbasu (this is built) as a boundary [of something]
ti tekoi se zbasu (this is built) bordering / next to something
ti ku'u vajni (this is important) in [some] culture / culturally
ti seku'u vajni (this is important) in the culture [of someone]
mi lau gunka (I work) somewhat
ti sela'u mutce (this is much) as a quantity [of something]
ti tela'u banzu (this suffices) as a quantity [on some scale]
ti le'a vajni (this is important) classwise
ti sele'a barda (this is large) as a category [of something]
ti tele'a sepli (this is separate) classwise [defined by some
quality]
ko'a li'e klama (he comes) led [by someone]
ko'a seli'e klama (he comes) leading [someone]
ko'a teli'e klama (he comes) led [in some sequence]
ti ma'i vajni (this is important) contextually (/in some
reference frame)
di'e sema'i vajni (the following is important ) as a standard (for
something)
ko'a tema'i jinga (he wins) according to rules
mi mau ciska (I write) exceeded by someone
ko'a semau djuno (he knows) more [than someone]
mi me'a ciska (I write) undercut by someone
mi seme'a tavla (I speak) less [than someone]
ti me'e dinju (this is a building) with some name / named
ti seme'e se pilno (this is used) as a name [for something]
ti teme'e melbi (this is beautiful) as a name [to someone]
ko'a mu'i klama (he comes) motivated (/because of some motive)
di'e semu'i se pilno (the following is used) as a motive [for something]
di'e mu'u jitfa (the following is false) by example
dei semu'u se pilno (this bridi is used) as an example [of something]
dei temu'u cnino (this bridi is new) as an example [in some set]
di'e ni'i jetnu (the following is) logically (true) [/because of
some logic]
di'e seni'i fatci (the following is a fact) implying something
di'e teni'i drani (the following is correct) as implied by some rules
ko'a pa'a klama (he comes) in addition
ti sepa'a se pilno (this is used) similarly [to something]
ti tepa'a se cuxna (this is chosen) similarly [in some pattern]
ti vepa'a blanu (this is blue) similarly [by some std]
ti pa'u sarcu (this is necessary) partially
ti sepa'u sarcu (this is necessary) as a part [of something]
ti pi'o sarcu (this is necessary) being used [by someone]
mi sepi'o kakpa (I dig) using some tool
ti tepi'o kansa (this comes with) being used [for some purpose]
ko'a po'i klama [they come] sequentially
ti sepo'i se zbasu (this is built) in (some) order
ti tepo'i se setca (these are inserted) sequenced [from some
unordered set]
ko'a pu'a cisma (he smiles) pleased [by something]
ko'a sepu'a cisma (he smiles) in order to please
mi pu'e finti (I create) by some process
mi sepu'e ciska (I write) processing from some inputs
mi tepu'e katna (I cut) processing into some outputs
mi vepu'e finti (I create) stagewise [/passing through some stages]
ko'a ra'a prenu (he is a person) concerned
ko'a sera'a zukte (he acts) concerning something
ti ra'i vifne (this is fresh) from the source
ti sera'i se pilno (this is used) as a source [of something]
ti rai cukta (this is a book) with some superlative
ti serai pixra (this is a picture) superlative in something
ti terai fasnu (this happens) at some extreme
ko'a verai djuno (he knows) the most [/superlative among some]
ti ri'a farlu (this falls) causally [because of something]
ko'a seri'a darxi (he hits) causing something
ti ri'i censa (this is holy) experienced by someone
ko'a seri'i tcidu (he reads) experiencing something
mi sau jmive (I live) requiring something
ko'a sesau gunka (he works) necessarily [for something]
ko'a tesau klama (he comes) necessarily [under some conditions] /
(he is) is bound to (come)
ko'a si'u klama (he comes) aided [by someone]
ko'a sesi'u klama (he comes) assisting [someone]
ko'a tesi'u gunka (he works) assisting [in something]
ko'a tai gunka (he works) methodically
ti setai vajni (this is important) methodologically [/as a method
for something]
ti tetai vajni (this is important) methodologicaly [/as a method
under some conditions]
ko'a ti'i sanga (he sings) suggested [by someone]
ko'a seti'i tavla (he talks) suggestively
ti teti'i tadji (this is a method) suggested [to someone]
ti ti'u fasnu (this is an event) associated with the time
ko'a seti'u klama (he comes) simultaneously
mi teti'u cliva (I leave) on the date of time [needs context]
do veti'u zvati (you are present) at the loc of time [needs context]
ko'a tu'i gidva (he is a guide) associated with the site
ti setu'i se pilno (this is used) as a location [of something]
ti va'o porpi (this breaks) conditionally [/under some conditions]
ti seva'o lenku (this is cold) as conditions [for something]
ko'a zau zvati (he is present) as approved [by someone]
ko'a sezau tavla (he speaks) approvingly
ti zu'e porpi (this is broken) by someone [active agent]
ko'a sezu'e sidju (he helps) actively [employing some means]
ko'a tezu'e ctuca (he studies) actively [with some goal]